Relevant deductions from gross total income under section 80 C to 80 U [Chapter VI-A] of income tax are given below:
1.
DEDUCTION IN RESPECT OF INVESTMENTS IN SPECIFIED ASSETS (SECTION 80C) 
Section 80C provides for a deduction of savings in specified modes of Investments form gross total income. It is available only to an Individual or HUF. The Maximum permissible deduction is Rs.1.5 lakh along with deduction u/s 80CCC & 80CCD.
S.no.
Admissible Deductions
1.
Premium paid on insurance on the life of the Individual or HUF.
2.
Sum paid under the contract for deferred on the life of the Assessee or his/her spouse or children.
3.
Sum deducted by the government from the salary of an employee for securing a deferred annuity for self, spouse or children. The sum so deducted should not exceed one-fifth of the salary.
4.
Contribution to any Public Provident Fund governed by Provident Funds Act, 1925
5.
Contribution by an employee to Recognized Provident Fund.
6.
Contribution by an employee to an Approved Superannuation Fund.
7.
The contribution made to any Public Provident Fund set up by the Central Government.
8.
Subscription to any deposit scheme or contribution to any Pension fund set up by the National Housing Bank.
9.
Payment of Tuition fees by an Individual Assessee at the time of admission to any university, college, school or other educational institutions within India for the purpose of full-time education of any two children.
10.
Subscription to deposit scheme of Public Sector, engaged in providing housing finance.
11.
Principle repayment of Housing Loan.[ You May Also Refer Restriction on set-off of loss from House property [Finance Act 2017]]
12.
Subscription to units of Mutual funds notified u/s 10(23D).
13.
Sum deposited in Fixed Deposits (FDs) with tenure of five years.
14.
Sum deposited in 5 yrs Post Office Time Deposit (POTD) scheme.
2.
DEDUCTION IN RESPECT OF CONTRIBUTION TO CERTAIN PENSION FUNDS (SECTION 80CCC)



Deduction in respect of Payment of premium for annuity plan of LIC or any other Insurer is provided. The Premium must be deposited to keep in force a contract for annuity plan of LIC or any other insurer for receiving a pension from the fund. For this purpose, the Interest or Bonus accrued or credited to the Assessee’s Account shall not be reckoned as Contribution. The Maximum Deduction allowed is Rs.1.5 lakh.

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3.
DEDUCTION IN RESPECT OF CONTRIBUTION TO PENSION SCHEME OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT (SECTION 80CCD)

Contribution towards NPS by Employee[80CCD(1)]: Taxpayer is an individual and he is employed by the central government (on or after January 1, 2004), or employed by any other person or self-employed. He has in the previous year deposited any amount in his account under NPS. Under this, Employee is to contribute 10% of their salary or more and deduction is available under section 80CCD(1) which is restricted to 10% of the salary and for a person other than employee deduction is restricted to 10% of GTI.
80CCD(1B) Taxpayer shall be allowed a deduction in the computation of his total income of the whole of the amount paid or deposited in the previous year in his account under a pension scheme notified by the Central Government, which shall not exceed fifty thousand rupees.
Contribution towards NPS by Employer [80CCD(2)]: Contribution by the employer to NPS is deductible under section 80CCD(2) in the hands of the concerned employee in the year in which contribution is made. However, no deduction is available in respect of employer’s contribution which is in excess of 10 percent of the salary of the employee.
4.
LIMIT ON DEDUCTION U/S 80C, 80CCC, 80CCD 
The Limit for maximum deduction available u/s 80C, 80CCC, 80CCD (combined together) is Rs.1.5 Lakh only.
Assessee gets an additional deduction of 50,000 if he makes an investment in NPS scheme notified by the Central Government. This means the Limit for maximum deduction available u/s 80C, 80CCC, 80CCD+80CCD(1B) is Rs. 2 Lakh.
5.
DEDUCTION IN RESPECT OF INVESTMENT BY A RESIDENT INDIVIDUAL IN LISTED EQUITY SHARES (SECTION 80CCG)
Tax Benefits of Rajiv Gandhi Equity Savings Scheme (RGESS) under section 80CCG has been withdrawn. However, if you have claimed this deduction in current FY 2016-17, you can claim the deduction for the next two Financial Years too.
6.
DEDUCTION IN RESPECT OF MEDICAL INSURANCE PREMIUM (SECTION 80D)
*As amended by Finance Bill 2018
This Section provides for a deduction of Rs. 25,000 in respect of premium paid towards a health insurance policy for the Assessee or his family (spouse and dependent children) or any contribution made to the Central Government Health Scheme in aggregate and a further deduction of Rs. 25000 is allowed of premium paid in respect of health insurance policy for parents. An increased deduction of Rs. 30000is allowed in case any of the persons mentioned above are senior citizens (i.e. of age 60 years or above).
It has been proposed by finance bill 2018 that the upper limit of this increased deduction should be raised to Rs. 50,000.
Further, it is provided that for claiming such deduction u/s 80D the payment must be by any mode other than cash.
Further Deduction of Rs. 5000 shall be allowed in respect of payment made on Account of preventive health check-up of self, spouse, children or parents made during the previous year. For claiming this deduction payment can be by any mode including cash.
The Analysis of the proposed amendment is provided in the table given below: 
 Nature of amount spent
           Family Member
         Parents
Age below 60 years
Age 60 years or more
Age below 60 years
Age 60 years or more
Medical Insurance
25,000
50,000
25,000
50,000
CGHS
25,000
50,000
–
–
Health Check-up
5,000
5,000
5,000
5,000
Medical Expenditure
–
50,000
–
50,000
Maximum deduction
25,000
50,000
25,000
50,000
Bare Text of Proposed Amendment has been given below for your reference:
Deductions available to senior citizens in respect of health insurance premium and medical treatment
Section 80D, inter-alia, provides that a deduction up to Rs 30,000/- shall be allowed to an assessee, being an individual or a Hindu undivided family, in respect of payments towards annual premium on health insurance policy, or preventive health check-up, of a senior citizen, or medical expenditure in respect of very senior citizens. It is proposed to amend section 80D so as to raise this monetary limit of deduction from Rs 30,000/- to Rs 50,000/-.
In case of single premium health insurance policies having cover of more than one year, it is proposed that the deduction shall be allowed on proportionate basis for the number of years for which health insurance cover is provided, subject to the specified monetary limit. .
These amendments will take effect, from 1st April, 2019 and will, accordingly, apply in relation to the assessment year 2019-20 and subsequent assessment years.
7.
DEDUCTION IN RESPECT OF REHABILITATION OF HANDICAPPED DEPENDENT RELATIVE (SECTION 80DD)
It provides for a deduction to an Assessee being an individual or HUF who is a resident in India. Deduction of Rs. 75,000 is available in respect of any Amount paid for the medical treatment (including nursing), training and rehabilitation of a dependent, or any amount paid or deposited under a scheme framed in this behalf.
In case of severe disability (i.e. a person with 80% or more disability), the deduction of Rs. 1,25,000 shall be available.

8.
DEDUCTION IN RESPECT OF MEDICAL TREATMENT (SECTION 80DDB)
*As amended by Finance Bill 2018
The deduction of Rs. 40000 or Amount actually paid whichever is less shall be allowed to an Assessee who is resident in India being an Individual or HUF. Deduction shall be allowed of any amount paid for the medical treatment of such disease or ailment as may be specified in the rules.
It has been proposed that in case the amount is paid in respect of a senior citizen/very senior citizen then the deduction would be Rs.100,000 or the amount actually paid whichever is less.[Earlier the limit was Rs. 60,000 for Senior Citizen & Rs. 80,000 for very senior citizen.]
Bare Text of Proposed Amendment has been given below for your reference:
Enhanced deduction to senior citizens for medical treatment of specified diseases
Section 80DDB of the Act, inter-alia, provide that a deduction is available to an individual and Hindu undivided family with regard to amount paid for medical treatment of specified diseases in respect of very senior citizen upto Rs 80,000/- and in case of senior citizens upto Rs 60,000/- subject to specified conditions. It is proposed to amend the provisions of section 80DDB of the Act so as to raise this monetary limit of deduction to Rs 1,00,000/- for both senior citizens and very senior citizens.
This amendment will take effect, from 1st April, 2019 and will, accordingly, apply in relation to the assessment year 2019-20 and subsequent assessment years.

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9.
FIRST TIME HOME BUYERS CAN CLAIM AN ADDITIONAL TAX DEDUCTION OF UP TO RS 50,000 ON HOME LOAN INTEREST PAYMENTS U/S 80EE. 
THE BELOW CRITERIA HAS TO BE MET FOR CLAIMING TAX DEDUCTION UNDER SECTION 80EE.
  • The home loan should have been sanctioned during / after FY 2016-17.
  • Loan amount should be less than Rs 35 Lakh.
  • The value of the house should not be more than Rs 50 Lakh &
  • The home buyer should not have any other existing residential house in his name.
10.
LOAN FOR HIGHER STUDIES
If you take any loan for higher studies (after completing Senior Secondary Exam), tax deduction can be claimed under Section 80E for interest that you pay towards your Education Loan. This loan should have been taken for higher education for you, your spouse or your children or for a student for whom you are a legal guardian. Principal Repayment on educational loan cannot be claimed as tax deduction.
There is no limit on the amount of interest you can claim as deduction under section 80E. The deduction is available for a maximum of 8 years or till the interest is paid, whichever is earlier.
11.
CONTRIBUTIONS MADE TO CERTAIN RELIEF FUNDS AND CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS:
[You May Also Refer : Budget 2018 : TDS & manner of payment in respect of Trusts]
Contributions made to certain relief funds and charitable institutions can be claimed as a deduction under Section 80G of the Income Tax Act. This deduction can only be claimed when the contribution has been made via cheque or draft or in cash. In-kind contributions such as food material, clothes, medicines etc do not qualify for deduction under section 80G.
The donations made to any Political party can be claimed under section 80GGC.
W.e.f F.Y. 2017-18, the limit of deduction under section 80G / 80GGC for donations made in cash is reduced from current Rs 10,000 to Rs 2,000 only.
12.
SECTION 80GG: APPLICABLE FOR ALL THOSE INDIVIDUALS WHO DO NOT OWN A RESIDENTIAL HOUSE & DO NOT RECEIVE HRA
The Tax Deduction amount under 80GG is Rs 60,000 per annum. Section 80GG is applicable for all those individuals who do not own a residential house & do not receive HRA (House Rent Allowance).
The extent of tax deduction will be limited to the least amount of the following;
  • Rent paid minus 10 percent the adjusted total income.
  • Rs 5,000 per month.
  • 25 % of the total income.
(If you are claiming HRA (House Rent Allowance) of more than Rs 50,000 per month (or) paying rent which is more than Rs 50,000 then the tenant has to deduct TDS @ 5%. Tax could be deducted at the time of credit of rent for the last month of the tax year or last month of tenancy, as applicable.)
13.
DEDUCTION IN RESPECT OF DONATIONS FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT (SECTION 80GGA)
Admissible Deductions:-
· Any sum paid by the Assessee to the Research Association which has, as its object, the undertaking of scientific research
· Any sum paid to an Association or Institution which has, as its object, the undertaking of any programme of Rural Development to be used for carrying for carrying out any programme of Rural Development.
· Any sum paid to Research Association which has, as its object the undertaking of research in Social Science or Statistical Research.
· Any sum paid to Public Sector company or a local authority for carrying out any eligible project or scheme.
· Any sum paid to Rural Development fund.
· Any sum paid to National Urban Poverty Education Fund (NUPEF).
Sub-section (2A) has been inserted which provides that no deduction shall be allowed in respect of donation of any sum exceeding Rs. 10000 unless such sum is paid by any mode other than cash.
14.
DEDUCTION IN RESPECT OF CONTRIBUTIONS GIVEN BY COMPANIES TO POLITICAL PARTIES (SECTION 80GGB)
This provides of deduction of any sum contributed in the Previous Year by an Indian Company to any Political Party or an Electoral Trust. From assessment year 2014-15, no deduction shall be allowed in respect of any sum contributed by way of cash.
15.
DEDUCTION IN RESPECT OF CONTRIBUTIONS GIVEN BY ANY PERSON TO POLITICAL PARTIES (SECTION 80GGC)
This provides for deduction of any sum contributed in the Previous Year by any Person to a Political Party or an Electoral Trust. It will not be available to a Local Authority and an Artificial Judicial Person. No deduction shall be allowed in respect of any sum contributed by way of cash.
16.
SAVING INTEREST
*As amended by Finance Bill 2018
Deduction from gross total income of an individual or HUF, up to a maximum of Rs. 10,000/-, in respect of interest on deposits in savings account with a bank, co-operative society or post office can be claimed under this section. Section 80TTA deduction is not available on interest income from fixed deposits.
It has been proposed to insert a new provision to allow deduction of up to Rs. 50,000 to the senior citizen who has earned interest income from deposits with banks or post office or co-operative banks. Interest earned on saving deposits and fixed deposits both shall be eligible for deduction under this provision.
Deduction under Section 80TTA shall not be available to senior citizens in respect of interest on saving deposits.
Bare Text of Proposed Amendment has been given below for your reference:
Deduction in respect of interest income to senior citizen
At present, a deduction upto Rs 10,000/- is allowed under section 80TTA to an assessee in respect of interest income from savings account. It is proposed to insert a new section 80TTB so as to allow a deduction upto Rs 50,000/- in respect of interest income from deposits held by senior citizens. However, no deduction under section 80TTA shall be allowed in these cases.
This amendment will take effect from 1st April, 2019 and will, accordingly, apply in relation to the assessment year 2019-20 and subsequent assessment years.
It is also proposed to amend section 194A so as to raise the threshold for deduction of tax at source on interest income for senior citizens from Rs 10,000/- to Rs 50,000/-.
This amendment will take effect, from 1st April, 2018.
17.
STANDARD DEDUCTION ON SALARY INCOME
*As amended by Finance Bill 2018
It is proposed to allow a standard deduction upto Rs 40,000/- or the amount of salary received, whichever is less. Consequently the present exemption in respect of Transport Allowance (except in case of differently abled persons) [Rs 1600*12=Rs 19200] and reimbursement of medical expenses [Rs 15000] is proposed to be withdrawn.
Bare Text of Proposed Amendment has been given below for your reference:
Standard deduction on salary income
Section 16, inter-alia, provides for certain deduction in computing income chargeable under the head “Salaries”. it is proposed to allow a standard deduction upto Rs 40,000/- or the amount of salary received, whichever is less. Consequently the present exemption in respect of Transport Allowance (except in case of differently abled persons) and reimbursement of medical expenses is proposed to be withdrawn.
These amendments will take effect from 1st April, 2019 and will, accordingly, apply in relation to the assessment year 2019-20 and subsequent assessment years.
18.
NEW DEDUCTION INTRODUCED FOR FARM PRODUCER COMPANIES
*As amended by Finance Bill 2018
To promote agricultural activities a new section 80PA is proposed to be inserted. This new provision proposes 100% deductions of profits for a period of 5 years to farm producer companies who have total turnover of up to Rs. 100 crores during the financial year.
For claiming this deduction the gross total income of producer companies should include income from:
a.
The marketing of agricultural produce grown by its members.
b.
The purchase of agricultural implements, seeds, livestock or other articles intended for agriculture for the purpose of supplying them to its members.
c.
The processing of the agricultural produce of its members.
Bare Text of Proposed Amendment has been given below for your reference:
Deduction in respect of income of Farm Producer Companies
Section 80P provides for 100 percent deduction in respect of profit of cooperative society which provide assistance to its members engaged in primary agricultural activities.
It is proposed to extend similar benefit to Farm Producer Companies (FPC), having a total turnover upto Rs 100 Crore, whose gross total income includes any income from
(i) the marketing of agricultural produce grown by its members, or
(ii) the purchase of agricultural implements, seeds, livestock or other articles intended for agriculture for the purpose of supplying them to its members, or
(iii) the processing of the agricultural produce of its members
The benefit shall be available for a period of five years from the financial year 2018-19.
This amendment will take effect from 1st April, 2019 and will, accordingly, apply in relation to the assessment year 2019-20 and subsequent assessment years.
19.
80-JJAA : INCENTIVE FOR EMPLOYMENT GENERATION
*As amended by Finance Bill 2018
Deduction of 30% is allowed in addition to normal deduction of 100% in respect of emoluments paid to eligible new employees who have been employed for a minimum period of 240 days during the year.
However, the minimum period of employment is relaxed to 150 days in the case of apparel industry, the same has been extend to footwear and leather industry.
Manufacturers are often denied the deduction if an employee is employed in 1st year for a period of less than 240 days/150 days, but continues to remain employed for more than 240 days/150 days in the 2nd year. To overcome this difficulty, the requirement of period of employment has been proposed to be relaxed. Now as per the proposed provision the deductions shall be allowed to the manufacturer in respect of an employee hired in 1st year, if he continues to remain in employment in current year(2nd year) for more than 240/150 days, as the case may be.
Bare Text of Proposed Amendment has been given below for your reference:
Incentive for employment generation
At present, under section 80-JJAA of the Act, a deduction of 30% is allowed in addition to normal deduction of 100% in respect of emoluments paid to eligible new employees who have been employed for a minimum period of 240 days during the year.
However, the minimum period of employment is relaxed to 150 days in the case of apparel industry. In order to encourage creation of new employment, it is proposed to extend this relaxation to footwear and leather industry.
Further, it is also proposed to rationalize this deduction of 30% by allowing the benefit for a new employee who is employed for less than the minimum period during the first year but continues to remain employed for the minimum period in subsequent year.
This amendment will take effect, from 1st April, 2019 and will, accordingly, apply in relation to the assessment year 2019-20 and subsequent assessment years.

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