Deduction under section 80C for A.Y.2018-19We know that you are very much interested to know the deduction from gross total income to calculate net income taxAs we will discuss only here deduction under section 80C in detail for the Financial Year 2017-18 as per the Finance Budget 2017-18
Income Tax Slab Rate for the F.Y.2017-18 as given below:-

There are lots of deductions comes under Chapter VI-A from section 80C to 80U like 80HH, 80RRB, 80U and more. But this article is exclusively for the deduction comes under section 80C.

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You can claim the deduction under section 80C as per follows: 
Aggregate amount of deduction u/s 80C, 80CCC, 80CCD and new section 80CCE  is restricted to Rs.1,50,000.& Additional deduction Rs.50,000/- U/s 80CCD(1B)
You can avail the benefit of deduction u/s 80C by investing in the following schemes. 
1.                       Payment for Life Insurance Premium.
2.                       Payment for Deferred Annuity Plan.
3.                       Deferred Annuity Payable by Government.
4.                       Contribution to Public Provident Fund.
5.                       Contribution to Provident Fund set up by Central Government.
6.                       Contribution to Recognised Provident Fund.
7.                       Contribution to recognized superannuation fund.
8.                       Subscription to any security or deposit notified by Government.
9.                       Subscription to Saving Certificates.
10.                   Subscription for Unit Linked Insurance Plan 1971.
11.                   Contribution for Unit Linked Insurance Plan of LIC Mutual Fund.
12.                   Payment for annuity plan of LIC or any other insurer.
13.                   Subscription to units of notified mutual fund.
14.                   Contribution to notified pension fund of mutual fund.
15.                   Pension fund set up National Housing Bank.
16.                   Subscription to a deposit scheme of Public Sector Company engaged in providing long term finance for housing.
17.                   Tuition fees of two children in India.
18.                   Payment of installment for self-financing of a residential property for repayment of the loan.
19.                   Subscription to equity shares or debentures as approved for infrastructure.
20.                   Subscription to any units of the mutual fund as approved by the Central Board of Direct Taxes.
21.                   As per the Finance Act, 2006 for F.Y. 2006-07, a term deposit for a fixed period of not less than five years with a scheduled bank would also qualify for tax deduction under Section 80 C within the overall limit of Rs.1.5 lakh. This deduction to some Rules.
22.                   Notified bonds of NABARD.
23.                   Deposit in an account under the Senior Citizens Savings Scheme Rules, 2004.
24.                   Five-years time deposit in an account under the Post Officer Time Deposit Rules, 1981.

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Popular Tax Saving Schemes Under Section 80C

Life Insurance Premium: You can get the deduction by depositing or paying life insurance premium in the previous year. You must note here that premium paid on behalf of wife/husband/child or any member of the family where assesses in an HUFChild includes adult children also, Thus, a deduction is available in respect of premium paid on a policy on the life of a married daughter.
Provident Fund & Public Provident FundYou can claim deduction under section 80C for the amount deposit in provident fund also. The amount deposit in the name of wife/husband/child or any member of the family where you are as an HUF is also eligible for deduction u/s 80C. The annual contribution is Rs.1,50,000 (A.Y. 2018-19) (A.Y.2017-18, A.Y.2016-17 & A.Y.2015-16).
You can deposit Rs. 1,50,000 (A.Y.2018-19 & A.Y.2017-18) in PPF A/c even if you have paid the amount in LIC,NSCULIP etc. However, the deduction u/s 80C is available on the total contribution of PPF, LIC, ULIP, etc. up to a maximum of Rs.1,50,000.
Interest on PPF is not treated as reinvestment for purpose of section u/s 80C is available even if the contribution is made in the PPF account of minor/major children or spouse.

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National Saving Certificates (NSC): You can also get deduction under section 80C for the amount deposit in national saving certification along with PPF/LIC/ULIP up to a maximum of Rs.1,50,000 accrued during the year.  There is no TDS deduction for repayment of NSC. Interested accrued during the year (except for the last year) shall be deemed to be reinvested and shall also qualify for deduction u/s 80C.
Bank Term Deposit SchemesAmount invested in bank term deposits along with PPF/LIC/NSC/ULIP etc. up to a maximum of Rs.1,50,000  is also eligible for deduction under section 80C. The maturity period for bank term deposit schemes is 5 years.

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Post Office Time Deposit Schemes: You can also opt for post office time deposit to get deduction under section 80C up to Rs.1,50,000. You must note that the deduction is available only to the first holder.
Mutual Fund Schemes: Some of the schemes of mutual funds are eligible for deduction u/s 80C along with other investments give above. The income from mutual funds is also fully exempted u/s 10 (35).
Senior Citizens Saving Scheme, 2004You can also get the benefit of Senior Citizens Saving Scheme to get deduction u/s 80C of Rs.1,50,000. No TDS deduction is required if you provide form 15H/15G (as the case may be).

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NABARAD Rural Bonds: The deduction is also available under section 80C for a subscription to notified bonds issued by National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development.
ULIP: The deduction is also eligible for the amount deposit in the name of himself, his/her wife/husband or his child, and an HUF in the name of its members to any Unit Linked Insurance Plan of UTI.
Tuition Fees: You can claim the deduction of paying the tuition fee of your two children. Here, you should note that tuition fees eligible paid to any university, college, school or other educational institution situated in India. However, any development fees or donation or payment of similar nature shall not be eligible for deduction.

New Pension Fund U/s 80CCD(1B): - The Additional can be avail Rs.50,000/- for New Pension Fund, which is not bound U/s 80C Max Rs. 1.5 lakh.